The Birth of Tragedy Or: Hellenism And Pessimism.Judaism and Christianity, essays by Leo BaeckĪs composed or published by Friedrich Nietzsche in chronological order:.Goethe's Faust (Part One and selections from Part Two).Twenty-Five German poets (superseded the earlier Twenty German Poets).Discovering the Mind, a trilogy consisting of.Existentialism, Religion, and Death: Thirteen Essays.Nietzsche: Philosopher, Psychologist, Antichrist.Kaufmann also warmed to Nietzsche's criticisms of Christianity.
He is especially renowned for his translations and exegesis of Nietzsche, whom he saw as gravely misunderstood, as a major existentialist figure, and as an unwitting precursor to Anglo-American analytic philosophy. Kaufmann did much to enhance the respectability of Nietzsche and Hegel studies in the English speaking world. Kaufmann wrote a good deal on the central European existentialism of Kierkegaard and Karl Jaspers (the French existentialism of Sartre, Gabriel Marcel, and Camus interested him less), editing the anthology Existentialism from Dostoevsky to Sartre. For more on what Kaufmann believed and rejected, see his Critique of Religion and Philosophy. Kaufmann was also immune to the seductions of Heidegger.
He forcefully criticized the fashionable liberal Protestantism of the 20th century (e.g., Rudolf Bultmann, Paul Tillich, Karl Barth) as filled with contradictions and evasions, preferring to them the austerity of the book of Job and the Jewish existentialism of Martin Buber. He believed that critical analysis and the acquisition of knowledge were liberating and empowering forces. In a 1959 Harper's Magazine article, he summarily rejected all religious values and practice, making it clear that he was an atheist - a "heretic" in his terminology. Kaufmann eventually discovered that his grandparents were all Jewish. The rise of Nazism neither influenced nor deterred his conversion. At age 11, when he found he believed neither the Trinity nor that Jesus was God, he decided to become a Jew. Please discuss this issue on the talk page, and/or replace this tag with a To meet Wikipedia's quality standards, this section may require cleanup.
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